That is said to gem jadeite jade. Jade in full green, the color is, water well, ground sheets clean and free of impurities crack is preferred, a good green jade green, tender and beautiful, very rare. Interpretation of the term without red and green jade, and specifically refers to the green,
full of emerald trade deception, treachery and murder, is the courage, wisdom and technology contest. Many people had planted in the lane lines and fallen ever since, The reason, the most simple reason is because the emerald outside the first layer of skin, is not easy to see their true colors. Out in the open green, then the skin is still green? This gives rise to a curious psychological, can not help but want to take a risk, that is, the so-called Another Green is good or bad, it is generally difficult to master, green side and positive difference in value can be thousands of times, but once the misjudgment, is often ruin things. But Jade is not the identification is also unattainable, as long as the practice in many temper, and more sum up, in theory, increase in business ethics on the defensive reputation, but also be successful. A Brief History of
geology Jade: Jade Alpine mineral production and ultrabasic rocks (pure Xi serpentinized rocks, amphibolite peridotite and serpentinite) is related to a ophiolite (Ophiolites (ophiolite) a group of serpentinized ultramafic rocks, mafic intrusive rocks and mafic lavas and marine sediments composed of rock units. also known ophiolite) the composition of the part, controlled by faults. Layered rock, and rock integration output; the plane was elliptical, the exposed area of several hundred to several thousand square kilometers. For deposits and plagiogranite, produced in weak rocks in the ophiolite Dan Chaoji. Containing ultramafic rock emerald is eclogite - glaucophane rocks, that is, low-temperature high-pressure metamorphic belt.
deposit is located in northern Burma Jade Wulu River (also known as Wuyou River, tributary to chindwin River) basin, the geological structure in the Indian plate and Eurasian plate collision parts of the east side across the east to western Yunnan high Gaoligong Mountain metamorphic belt, where the very early placer mining of alluvial and glacial sands Jade, in 1871 found that native deposits.
pass the time: When Jade came to China for? British historian Joseph Needham in the And according to some historical records, Yonghe six years in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 94) as a tribute to have been a tribute of jade jewelry.
Jade Origin: Burma Kachin this arch to help Meng Fei main producing area, and known as
distribution center Jade: Although produced in Myanmar arch Meng Fei, but distribution center is in China Yunnan Tengchong. Meng Arch in the Tengchong and longitude difference is only twice, and in the same latitude, so by virtue of geography, transportation, and political advantages, Tengchong it as Burma jade into China was the obvious choice.
jadeite identification
1. rind: old mountain jade (jade plant sub-old plant and new plant, the old factory west of the Habitat arch Meng, Wulu River also known as Pagan River, along the jade, vertical and horizontal over a hundred years, the creation of Jade field, known as the old factory, old factory will be called out of the old mountain jade jade) normally takes three layers, the outermost layer is the weathered shell, called the skin, skin color with the original Mountain earth tones, as different as the location of buried cortex have different, often divided into the mountains skin, water skins, leather half landscape, Sharpei, slurry, sediment skin, such as water, sand cover.
(1) jacket and green: there are green meat, the general said that the total performance of the skin, mostly showing green or dark green moss-like pattern, commonly known as spots, clearly visible, hidden the blue and white is very specific. Processes in the skin and see the green with dark, hard texture, or the emergence of a funnel-shaped skin pits and a small green dot shows, or skin color changes, and a carbon strip and the skin glowing with jade plaques materials are related with the green, water less good crack good thing, especially green processes as well. Someone grab nail pits the Jade knocked hull, and then the color difference should be noted. If the skin appears dim or off, or renewal of the Green Line, jade green tape may occur. If the green for the direction with visible grooves that soft green, there will be a lock with green split, with the green lock of the green in two, reducing the use of green value, which is called the lock to eat green phenomenon.
hull appears dark brown, jade business is called generally do not turn blue, is easy to coat beans. Instead the water surface is green hull, and there is a blue, gray. However, children of color and the green hull regularity does not exist.
(2) skin and in Zhang (bottom barrier): old mountain jade shell with thickness of the points, or pine bark bark: hull yellow, yellowish brown, yellowish, brown, yellow and other colors, leather loosely structured, easy-to weathering, so thick-skinned thick rough can clearly see the crystallization of particles, the end of its internal barrier is relatively rough, poor texture, stone of a large, transparency is not good, lock crack more. Thin skin or tight leather: hull mostly red, brown, black or red and black mixed, structure, shell thin, solid texture Xirun Tsui is small, its base is a solid barrier Xirun often, little stone foot of water, similar transparent or translucent. Sharpei: leather hard, compact structure was sand-like granular structure, weathered shell is not thick, tight end more than a solid barrier Tsui of small, transparent and translucent similar, there are opaque. Wide range of skin colors, these are general, not necessarily that way, and some skin barrier too close but not there at the end, color dull, and even the end of jade heads.
(3) skin and lock crack: lock hidden inside the crack in the jade and jade as one solution, cut can only see it after the existence of a small lock of harm caused by the loss of crack little harm of the large lock crack will cause major economic losses. Pike who has a different size steps along the step direction prone to lock crack, hull slope than the present measures, the often lock in the same direction with the slope crack invasion, the new addition to the natural mountain jade lock crack, the crack is to a large number of lock When mining that caused the lock crack in the skin jade reflection on, and some of the stones have their common side.
(4) Jade's Good jade, the Then the water sprinkling Huang Wu, Huang Wu, and most times is a blanket of darkness, cows Xue Wu, dark red, so that the fog may decide the jade is from the inside out confusing, difficult to identify, in the business of people suffer.
2.
to Zhang to Zhang, also known as the bottom barrier is a piece of jade in the color out of the main part of the Green. Other red, blue, yellow, spring flowers and other colors also exist to Zhang, that is, part of the color barrier.
generally located at the texture of the green, the same texture with the surrounding ground sheets, ground sheets as long as the good and the texture Run pure transparent, bright green also prominent enough water, it seems very pleasant to the eye, the greater the transparency the more expensive; to Zhang bad if not transparent, the color dried, the green will appear more rigid, sluggish, which is called the water dry. Zhang
to species diversity, probably the following points.
glass to: fully transparent, shiny glass, no impurities or other inclusions, fine structure, toughness, no lock or cotton Stone Flower, also known as the end of the glass silk, silk, fine texture that hardness, good glass to bracelets, transparent as crystal, but usually seen more as a semi-transparent.
ice: transparent ice, a glass gloss, and glass to similar, and sometimes a small amount of cracks or other impurities, the Department of slightly lower quality varieties of glass to.
egg white to: texture as egg, a shiny glass, is a little muddy glass to species. transparency somewhat less, but more pure.
nose to: The texture is like clear snot. a shiny glass, similar to egg white, the transparency of the worse, the quality would not join the egg white in a clean.
water to: texture opaque, Fan Qing green, with blue green water to land species, because of color interference, it is better to water species.
gray water to: semi-transparent texture, but the pan-gray, the mass ratio clean water to poor.
purple water to: semi-transparent texture, but the pan-purple tone, the actual for the semi-transparent violet.
muddy ground: The texture is semi-transparent, like muddy water, like transparency, poor water to.
white, fine: translucent, delicate white, if gloss is good, it is a good raw jade.
Pak to: translucent, with sandy, white, fine lines do not white, fine.
Fui Sha to: translucent, with sandy, gray, gray line is not fine white sand to.
pea green to: translucent, green beans, to child, in fact, green bean varieties are translucent.
purple to: translucent purple and uneven. purple uniform, is the violet.
blue to: translucent to transparent, blue Petrochemical. Sinopec was blue, reflecting the uneven texture, can only do with jade, jewelry is not appropriate material.
white flowers to: translucent to opaque, quality rough stones are also flowers, stone brain.
porcelain to: translucent to opaque, white, porcelain like texture, people feel stagnant and rigid.
dry white background: transparent, white
rough Geotrichum: opaque, rough, white, poor head, white, even worse than dry.
rough gray to: opaque, rough, gray, white, even worse than rough.
dog feces in: brown, dark brown, the worst.
3. Color: many colors of jadeite, to gem (Green is good, flawless, head foot) the green part is called emerald, will be able to see through that is a similar, highly transparent, both thick and bright grass green, the adjective of Four color filter color, that is, emerald, seeding grass green, apple green, green.
Although Jade green is expensive, but it has a lot of color. other colors of jade varieties:
Violet: the purple in spring, purple tone, mostly light purple, purple rare thick, is a popular special varieties.
Oufen color: light violet, compared with the violet, the color is more light, as weak as pale pinkish gray, slightly behind the quality of violet, is also welcome.
Fei Hung: the Chun, red-brown, including red, pink, brown series of tones in it, sometimes rust was color, the more red the better of them, but very rare pure red.
Black: In the raw material known as has some use value.
addition to the above several other, and white, Zhang appeared in the blue-violet jade glass on the ground, very rare), and Chun-chun and yellow purple jadeite.
4. Green
(1) emerald shape
Green showed the shape, location, number, distribution, which is closely related to its use features. Its shape about the following
tape green, green ideas, green knots, Cecil Green, green piece of silk, green silk pieces, ground sheets green, green leather string
emerald green in the differential of the following conditions must draw attention.
dry heart: duplicity, giving the appearance Water is good, strong sense of color filter, but it actually is more than the soft dry land Zhang lighter green. Where there are sheets of green or to a dark gray, putty, dark stagnant and distinct colors are boring, they should be observed in detail heart of what is not dry.
green and black: a black point of the old seed jade, that water quality of small green concentrated hard enough, there does not appear dark green, black presence in general often appears green, which is called br>
If the dark green shades, depth, purity levels, water quality can be divided into several levels.
such as super-class blue-green Swiss (have been rare, the only remaining record) raw onion pea green, brilliant water green, apple green, on the level of a seedling grass green, green, glass green, water green boxwood, sub-level of a light sun green, parrot green, heart green onions, green beans, spinach green, again the wait There melons green, green melons, gourd green, green frog,UGG shoes, uniform water green, shallow green, the river green, blue-green, glossy dark green, oil green, dark green, gray green and blue and gray for the worst.
5.
merits of standard quality from the emerald water, color, sex Tsui, lock, Hang Hau, varieties and specifications, the perfect degree, paired sets of aspects to determine
, analogy, the more translucent as the color, red, green, yellow, blue, spring colored jade unusually attractive coexistence, higher value. green, pure gaudy spring, red jade compound are high-end color, especially green is expensive, the performance of its commercial value to in the green on most people's attention in the international community as the light, light, showing weakness.
the so-called welcome.
so-called
so-called items for the top grade, which is defective after the five who is. shades of green such as by, depth, purity levels, water quality can be divided into a number of levels mentioned above.
6. Jade fakes < br>
fake jade market popular are plastic, burning material, Aimo Li, soft jade, imitation leather, mouth mask, false color, color printing or coating, the radiation induced color, finished mat color, mat color wool , combined light.
rigid plastics plastic no natural sense of color uniformity. Mishap have slightly longer time, ox hair pattern, Jade did not. jade affixed to face the cold sense of a large, plastic is a small, plastic the proportion was significantly smaller than the emerald.
sintered light weight, the size of air bubbles within the often obvious. a long time will also appear flawed, ox hair loss pattern and light. sintered glass emerald jade free sex sex reflect the fracture was conchoidal, jade is not the fracture is uneven shine. burn the color of uniform rigid material, most of emerald color is uneven with a shallow depth.
not like the color of nephrite jade green uneven, there are deep with a shallow, soft jade color no color more uniform shape, its color and gray tone, of the soft little God. nephrite jade, such as Henan, Dushan Jade, Xinjiang and other jade jade and Australia. jadeite that refers to the emerald.
fake leather material refers to the mountains or some new sort of jade green quartzite material or stone, wrapped with sticky material to charge the Laoshan jade hull. can be scraped off some of the suspected site debris release into the small metal cover on the grill built into the furnace, where the smoke odor and discoloration that is fake leather. to cement barbecue stick fake leather material with talcum powder after grinding with a two-finger feel. dermis scraped the pieces on chip no such phenomenon.
fake jade colored mouth piece surface to stick to the colorless open, and then making imitation leather cover. Recognition of experience as above.
false color in the finished product or wool artificial additive, also known as to better quality and colorless jade material heated to a certain temperature, immersed in the green dye, the jade heating and small cracks appear, the green dye into the cracks mostly soy dip, visible in bright light into the cracks in most of this green . but some jade go there with the phenomenon of crack, you can use cotton balls coated test will be with the cotton balls off the Seji. Of course, some do more sophisticated and hard to make true and false, the only way that only careful observation of jade material green, emerald green, no matter how the swing in the sun, bright shades of green, although the degree of change, and feel the same pure green. Qiang goods evil green hair, swing observed in the sun, the green flash frequently Gardenia yellow yellow, like medicine. For really green and staining enriched in the complementary color, swinging in the sun, in addition to drug yellow, flashed back to the feelings of people with small ripple. Qiang stock rotation a few months later, all was eclipsed, first, the general green back, one looked very uncomfortable.
chromatography products in the water well on the sets of a layer of colorless green jelly. as long as careful observation, can always find a smoothness, different shades of green it is at cross the interface.
finished a good cushion color in the water inside the colorless product jade colored green, then painting inlaid into the surface of the metal frame inside the stuffy,UGG boots cheap, as is the back of the painting, it looks like the green in in afloat. the color impurities, and death through the blue-gray hair yellow and other colors, and color on crack.
color wool pad wool in the old mountain on a small chisel, parallel to knock off his mouth about 5 mm thick sheet, the central aperture in the thin solution after grinding a little concave, contracted green, jade is also the solution of the central aperture concave grinding paste that opaque foil, then slice and two pieces of jade Solutions orofacial together to knock down the hull material to Ground coupled with sticky glue together solutions of mouth, this mat color can easily lie. When you see a knock on the mouth of the old mountain jade and saw from the mouth knocking there are green, they must be vigilant and repeated details of the police knock on the edge of the mouth of the rest of the skin and skin color in the skin depth and the roughness of the subtle differences.
together two pieces of good light in the water jade green plastic sheet of a central folder or green jade chip or stain. This empty green hair, carefully be aware of the side view.
In addition, there are several gems and jade minerals easily mixed:
emerald, emerald garnet surface, you Tsui, Gong Tsui, hard rock sodium jade, emerald green stone, jade south, Tanglin jade stone and Australia.
today, and some stones can be artificially high synthesized, with the exception of synthetic emerald has not been found on the market. in the world, there are fakes on the market in Australia Emerald Jade (dark green agate),UGGs, African jade (green translucent garnet), India, Jade (green crystals), Taiwan Jade (nepheline), Korean jade (serpentine), etc., as long as careful observation, they share with true color and Jade is a big difference.
7. Sang-ok knowledge
< br> Since today more and more jade jewelry, and expensive, plus a large number of fakes, the lack of common sense and easy identification fooled, here a brief overview of the essentials of identification.
weigh Test Weight: the proportion of the 3.3-Jade -3.6 (g / cc), with a fake produced in addition to the United States 加利佛尼亚 California Jade, South Africa, Transvaal jade, jade Guatemala proportion of 3.25 - 3.48, and Fei Yu similar, the other comparing the proportion of all light, in particular sintered jade, plastic jade, pink stone, green emerald stone, weigh when they are not in the hands of a heavy sense of jade.
distinguish color: Emerald opaque, translucent and almost transparent, etc. ,UGG boots clearanc, color green, apple green, red, white, yellow, etc., color, delicious, shiny gratifying, difficult to change, and even shades of clear, natural crystalline from imposing. while others do not have the above characteristics counterfeit.
View drops of tension: the glass with a drop of water can be identified and Tsui material. the surface of the craft stick with a toothpick or match a little drip drip. if it is amorphous glass or any arts and crafts, water droplets will expand open to, and in the crystal Jade or gem quality, the water droplets bead will keep its shape. the craft prior to the test surface must be cleaned carefully.
look inclusions: weather expected within the inclusions Tsui, artificial glass inclusions round prism. really jade no bubbles.
check hardness: hardness 6 to 7 jade, crystal structure, close, hard, break at not smooth, uneven, showing grain-like , firm voice, and percussion. burning quality jade loose material, hardness 4-5, smooth break at the bright, with glass-like, with real jade gently tip a draw will be able to draw a trace of material Tsui , true jade itself is not join the program, the material clear and crisp percussion Tsui, the same as knocking on the glass. plastic light touch of jade with a knife, I would see the signs.
evaluation criteria. evaluation of jade, mainly to see color and should be uniform, any other color and traces of cracks are flawed. transparency, the higher the better, to dark green and clear, crystal dignified the best. high-quality jade is the jade treasures, 20 taels of gold can not buy a couple of stunning jade known as the king of jade; poor variegated jade value is very low, and even worth a penny.
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